Pathobiological Relationship of Excessive Dietary Intake of Choline L Carnitine: A TMAO Precursor Associated Aggravation in Heart Failure in Sarcopenic Patients Identification of TMAO producer phenotype and hostdietgut dysbiosis by carnitine challenge test in human and germ free mice Gut Revisiting the Role of Carnitine in Heart Disease Through the Lens of the Gut Microbiota JCI The contributory role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease Characterization of TMAO productivity from carnitine challenge facilitates personalized nutrition and microbiome signatures discovery Microbiome Springer Nature Link